![]() The initial symptom of hemifacial spasm may be twitching of the eyelids that eventually results in forced closure of the eyelid. Hemifacial spasm, which is characterized by contractions on one side of the face, is technically not a form of dystonia. (For more information on this disorder, choose “tardive dyskinesia” as your search term in the Rare Disease Database.) tardive dystonia is believed to be the more severe form of tardive dyskinesia. The reasons that some people who take these drugs may develop tardive dyskinesia, and some people do not, is unknown. Long-term use of these drugs may produce biochemical abnormalities in the area of the brain known as the striatum. Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is an involuntary neurological movement disorder caused by the use of neuroleptic drugs that are prescribed to treat certain psychiatric or gastrointestinal conditions. (For more information on this disorder, choose “blepharospasm” as your search term in the Rare Disease Database.) The disorder is one of a group of disorders collectively known as dystonia. Eventually, BEB causes involuntary closure of the eyes. Symptoms may begin as eye twitching, blinking and/or irritation. (For more information on this disorder, choose “temporomandibular joint dysfunction” as your search term in the Rare Disease Database.)īenign essential blepharospasm (BEB) is a rare neurological disorder in which affected individuals experience involuntary muscle spasms and contractions of the muscles around the eye. The only definite cause is trauma to the jaw as from a heavy blow to the mouth. There are many suspected causes of TMJ dysfunction. ![]() In severe cases, pain can radiate into the neck, shoulders and back. It can cause limited jaw movement and clicks and pops during chewing. TMJ dysfunction is characterized by pain of the jaw joint that is made worse during or after eating or yawning. The TMJs are small joints that connect the lower jaw (mandible) to the temporal bone of the skull. Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction is a general term for a group of conditions that affect the temporomandibular joint. (For more information on this disorder, choose “dystonia” as your search term in the Rare Disease Database.) Genetic as well as non-genetic factors contribute to all forms of dystonia. There are many different causes for dystonia. Dystonia may result in abnormal, often painful movements or postures. Dystonia may be focal (affecting an isolated body part), segmental (affecting adjacent body areas, or generalized (affecting many major muscle groups simultaneously). Comparisons may be useful for a differential diagnosis.ĭystonia is a group of neurological movement disorders characterized by involuntary muscle contractions. Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to those of Meige syndrome. ![]() In some cases, muscles in the neck, arms, legs or other muscle groups may become affected. Muscle spasms of the respiratory tract may lead to breathing difficulties (dyspnea). Some people with Meige syndrome may also experience spasms of the tongue and throat, resulting in repeated protrusion of the tongue from the mouth and difficulty swallowing. Eyelid and facial muscle tone may gradually decline. Some individuals may also experience clenching or grinding of the teeth, displacement of the jaw, grimacing, chin thrusting, or repeated pursing of the lips. Oromandibular dystonia is characterized by involuntary, forceful contractions of the jaw and tongue, often making it difficult to open or close the mouth. Some individuals with Meige syndrome may experience abnormally dry eyes. Blepharospasm may originally affect one eye (unilateral), but usually becomes (bilateral). ![]() It may become progressively harder for affected individuals to keep their eyes open. The frequency of muscle spasms and contractions may increase causing narrowing of the opening between the eyelids or involuntary closure of the eyelids. Meige syndrome most often affects middle-aged individuals.īlepharospasm is characterized by frequent or forced blinking and eye irritation that often occurs as a result of specific stimuli including bright lights, fatigue, emotional tension, and environmental factors such as wind or air pollution. The severity of these conditions varies from case to case. Meige syndrome is characterized by the combination of blepharospasm and oromandibular dystonia. 5 Myths About Orphan Drugs and the Orphan Drug Act.Information on Clinical Trials and Research Studies.
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